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Plant Guide

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Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Spring, Summer, Fall

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

Low

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

Yes

Flower Color

Yellow

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

Brown

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.4

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Long

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

Medium

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

160

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

High

pH, Minimum

5

pH, Maximum

8

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43560

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

32

Precipitation, Maximum

100

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

High

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-8

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

Mid Spring

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

Low

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

Summer

Fruit/Seed Period End

Summer

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

Yes

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

2071120

Seed Spread Rate

Slow

Seedling Vigor

Low

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Brazos

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Medium

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.3

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

190

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

8

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

12

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Callie

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Medium

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.5

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Decumbent

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

200

Hedge Tolerance

 

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

60

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

17

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Coastal

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer and Fall

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

Yes

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.3

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Long

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

Medium

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

225

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

High

pH, Minimum

5

pH, Maximum

8

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43560

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

35

Precipitation, Maximum

100

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

High

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

12

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

High

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

High

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Coastcross-1

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Medium

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.4

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Decumbent

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

Medium

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

200

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

18

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Midland

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Medium

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.5

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Decumbent

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

175

Hedge Tolerance

 

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

60

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-13

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: NK-37

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer and Fall

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Moderate

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Medium

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.5

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Decumbent

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

165

Hedge Tolerance

 

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

60

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-13

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Quickstand

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Medium

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

1.2

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

160

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.2

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

14

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-13

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

No

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

2071120

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

Yes

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Medium

Palatable Graze Animal

High

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Santa Ana

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

0.4

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

180

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

6

pH, Maximum

8

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

12

Salinity Tolerance

High

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

22

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

Yes

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

No

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Low

Palatable Graze Animal

Low

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Tifdwarf

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

0.2

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

180

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

12

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-3

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

Yes

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Moderate

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

No

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Low

Palatable Graze Animal

Low

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Tifgreen

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

0.3

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

180

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43000

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

12

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-3

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

Yes

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

No

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Low

Palatable Graze Animal

Low

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Tiflawn

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

0.3

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

180

Hedge Tolerance

None

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43560

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

55

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

12

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-3

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

Yes

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

No

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Low

Palatable Graze Animal

Low

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Tifway

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

0.8

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

Medium

CaCO3 Tolerance

High

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

210

Hedge Tolerance

 

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43560

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

32

Precipitation, Maximum

60

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

12

Salinity Tolerance

High

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-3

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

Yes

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

0

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

No

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Low

Palatable Graze Animal

Low

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Bermudagrass
CYDA
Cultivar: Tufcote

Summary

Duration

Perennial

Growth Habit

Graminoid

U.S. Nativity

Introduced to U.S.

Federal T/E Status

 

National Wetland Indicator

FACU, FAC

 

Morphology/Physiology

Active Growth Period

Summer

After Harvest Regrowth Rate

Rapid

Bloat

None

C:N Ratio

Low

Coppice Potential

No

Fall Conspicuous

No

Fire Resistant

No

Flower Color

 

Flower Conspicuous

No

Foliage Color

Green

Foliage Porosity Summer

Porous

Foliage Porosity Winter

Porous

Foliage Texture

Fine

Fruit/Seed Color

 

Fruit/Seed Conspicuous

No

Growth Form

Stoloniferous

Growth Rate

Rapid

Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet)

 

Height, Mature (feet)

0.5

Known Allelopath

Yes

Leaf Retention

No

Lifespan

Moderate

Low Growing Grass

Yes

Nitrogen Fixation

 

Resprout Ability

No

Shape and Orientation

Prostrate

Toxicity

None

 

Growth Requirements

Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Fine Textured Soils

Yes

Adapted to Medium Textured Soils

Yes

Anaerobic Tolerance

High

CaCO3 Tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification Required

No

Drought Tolerance

High

Fertility Requirement

High

Fire Tolerance

High

Frost Free Days, Minimum

165

Hedge Tolerance

 

Moisture Use

Medium

pH, Minimum

5.5

pH, Maximum

7.5

Planting Density per Acre, Minimum

43560

Planting Density per Acre, Maximum

125000

Precipitation, Minimum

36

Precipitation, Maximum

60

Root Depth, Minimum (inches)

12

Salinity Tolerance

Medium

Shade Tolerance

Intolerant

Temperature, Minimum (°F)

-13

 

Reproduction

Bloom Period

 

Commercial Availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/Seed Abundance

 

Fruit/Seed Period Begin

 

Fruit/Seed Period End

 

Fruit/Seed Persistence

No

Propagated by Bare Root

No

Propagated by Bulb

No

Propagated by Container

No

Propagated by Corm

No

Propagated by Cuttings

No

Propagated by Seed

No

Propagated by Sod

Yes

Propagated by Sprigs

Yes

Propagated by Tubers

No

Seed per Pound

2071120

Seed Spread Rate

None

Seedling Vigor

 

Small Grain

No

Vegetative Spread Rate

Rapid

 

Suitability/Use

Berry/Nut/Seed Product

No

Christmas Tree Product

No

Fodder Product

No

Fuelwood Product

None

Lumber Product

No

Naval Store Product

No

Nursery Stock Product

No

Palatable Browse Animal

Low

Palatable Graze Animal

Low

Palatable Human

No

Post Product

No

Protein Potential

Medium

Pulpwood Product

No

Veneer Product

No

 

Kingdom  Plantae -- Plants

Subkingdom  Tracheobionta -- Vascular plants

Superdivision  Spermatophyta -- Seed plants

Division  Magnoliophyta -- Flowering plants

Class  Liliopsida -- Monocotyledons

Subclass  Commelinidae

Order  Cyperales

Family  Poaceae -- Grass family

Genus  Cynodon L.C. Rich. -- Bermudagrass P

Species  Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. -- Bermudagrass P

 

Caution: This plant is considered noxious in several states and invasive by several sources.  Please check the Noxious and Invasive portion of PLANTS for additional information.  Please consult with your local resource specialist prior to using.

 

Uses

Erosion control: Bermudagrass is used for critical area planting (including channels and pond banks), grassed waterways, and vegetated flumes.

 

Turf: This grass is suitable for lawns and public areas, and is recommended for problem soils and heavy traffic areas.

 

Livestock: Bermudagrass provides fair to good pasture and hay with proper management.  Forage quality is dependent on soil fertility and stage of growth.

 

Wildlife: Bermudagrass has forage value for deer, geese and ducks in open, sunny areas.

 

Recreation: Turf types of the grass form attractive, traffic-resistant, weed-free, and low maintenance ground covers for areas with half to full day sun.

 

Status

Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e.g. threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values).

 

Weediness

This plant may become weedy or invasive in some regions or habitats and may displace desirable vegetation if not properly managed. Please consult with your local NRCS Field Office, Cooperative Extension Service office, or state natural resource or agriculture department regarding its status and use.  Weed information is also available from the PLANTS Web site at plants.usda.gov.

 

Description

Bermudagrass, is of probable Asian origin and was documented as an important grass in the United States by l807.  It is a long-lived, warm season perennial that spreads by rhizomes, stolons, and seed.  Stems are leafy, branched, and 4 to 6 inches tall.  Under favorable conditions, stems may be 12 to 18 inches high.  Stems are short jointed.  Leaves are flat and spreading.  The ligule is a circle of white hairs.  Leaves may be hairy or smooth.  Seedheads are usually in one whorl of 3 to 7 spikes, each about 1 to 2-1/2 inches long.  Some robust forms may have up to 10 spikes in 2 whorls.

 

Adaptation and Distribution

Although a few hardy strains of Bermudagrass persist in areas with sub-zero winter temperatures, it has achieved importance only in areas of relatively mild winters.  Once established on moderately deep to deep soils, Bermudagrass maintains dense sod, non-irrigated, with 16 inches of rainfall.  It can withstand sedimentation and long periods of inundation.  It prefers full sun and can grow rapidly at air temperatures exceeding 100°F.

 

Bermudagrass prefers deep soils but produces well on moderately shallow sites under irrigation and good management.  It persists on poor soils but require high nitrogen levels for best appearance.  It withstands pH ranges from about 5.0 to 8.5 and is boron tolerant.  It tolerates saline soils with up to 18 millimhos of electrical conductivity in the soil solution.

 

Bermudagrass is distributed throughout the majority of the United States.  For a current distribution map, please consult the Plant Profile page for this species on the PLANTS Website.

 

Establishment

Stands may be established by use of seed, sprigs, or plugs planted during mid-spring to mid-summer followed by frequent applications of fertilizer and water.  Early planting is most important in areas of marginal adaptability.

 

Beds for seeding or planting should be firm, smooth, and free of weed seed.  For turf plantings, absolute smoothness is necessary for close mowing following establishment.  Seed, sprigs, or plugs should be placed into moist soil.

 

For pasture or hay, drill 3 pounds pure live seed per acre at 1/2 inch depth or less.  For turf, use 10 pounds of seed per acre.  Higher seeding rates are advisable if seed must be broadcast.  If using sprigs, broadcast by hand or with hydro-equipment.  Punching and irrigation, if needed, must be done immediately following spreading to keep the sprigs from drying out.  Surface soil moisture must be kept high while roots and shoots develop at the sprig nodes.

 

Fifteen bushels of sprigs per acre disk punched or covered with 1-1/2 inches of soil followed by irrigation as needed ordinarily gives fully established stands in one growing season.  On saline soils planting in the side of furrows is desirable so salts will accumulate on the ridges above grass rows.

 

Use of sod rolls or plugs cut from sod is often a preferred method of establishing turf-type Bermuda on critical sites.  Plugs of 3 inch diameter planted on 15 to 18 inch centers will ordinarily establish complete cover in 1 growing season with adequate fertilizer, moisture and half-day to full sun.  Complete sodding is preferred for very critical areas or where immediate foot traffic is contemplated.  Care immediately following planting is less critical on plantings of sod or plugs than turf-type sprigs.

 

Management

High quality turf will require frequent very low mowing, fertilizer, and water for vigorous growth.  Clippings must be removed.  A sharp reel-type mower will avoid unsightly scalping.  Good to fair quality turf can be maintained on short water and low fertilizer schedules, thereby reducing mowing frequency.

 

Bermudagrass will persist as a weed-free ground cover on soils of moderate to high water-holding capacity. Where desirable and permissible, mid-winter controlled burning can be used to reduce thatch.  Most herbicides used at recommended rates with reasonable care can be used to control undesirable plants without destroying fully established Bermudagrass.  Applications of nitrogen every 2 to 5 years will be needed to maintain vigorous stands on most sites.

 

Both pasture and hay require good rainfall and heavy fertilizer application for high yield and quality.  Thirty to forty pounds of nitrogen should be applied in split increments for each ton of anticipated dry forage yield.  Highest yields are obtained on good soils in areas of high average annual temperature with ample water.  Harvest or graze at 3 to 4 week intervals for best yields of total digestible nutrient and protein.

 

Pests and Potential Problems

Several white grubs are known to feed on the root system, however they are normally not a major pest.

 

Cultivars, Improved, and Selected Materials (and area of origin)

‘Santa Ana’, ‘Tifway’, ‘Tifgreen’, ‘Tifdwarf’, ‘Tufcote’, ‘Brazos’, ‘Quickstand’, ‘Coastal’, ‘Coastcross-1’, and ‘Midland’.  All form dense, fine-textured, weed-free sods and tolerate drought, close mowing and heavy traffic, even on problem soils.  Seeds, springs, and sod are all commercially available.

 

Control

Please contact your local agricultural extension specialist or county weed specialist to learn what works best in your area and how to use it safely.  Always read label and safety instructions for each control method. Trade names and control measures appear in this document only to provide specific information.  USDA, NRCS does not guarantee or warranty the products and control methods named, and other products may be equally effective.

 

Prepared By & Species Coordinator:

USDA NRCS Plant Materials Program

 

Edited: 10Aug2000 JLK; 05jun06 jsp

 

For more information about this and other plants, please contact your local NRCS field office or Conservation District, and visit the PLANTS Web site<https://plants.usda.gov> or the Plant Materials Program Web site <https://Plant-Materials.nrcs.usda.gov>


 

 

 

Attribution:  U.S. Department of Agriculture 

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