"Growing Online"tm
"Growing Online"tm
|
|
|
|
Plant Guide
|
Summary |
|
|
Duration |
Perennial |
|
Growth Habit |
Tree |
|
U.S. Nativity |
Native to U.S. |
|
Federal T/E Status |
|
|
National Wetland Indicator |
FAC, FACW |
|
|
|
|
Morphology/Physiology |
|
|
Active Growth Period |
Spring and Summer |
|
After Harvest Regrowth Rate |
|
|
Bloat |
|
|
C:N Ratio |
High |
|
Coppice Potential |
Yes |
|
Fall Conspicuous |
Yes |
|
Fire Resistant |
No |
|
Flower Color |
Green |
|
Flower Conspicuous |
No |
|
Foliage Color |
Yellow-Green |
|
Foliage Porosity Summer |
Dense |
|
Foliage Porosity Winter |
Moderate |
|
Foliage Texture |
Coarse |
|
Fruit/Seed Color |
Brown |
|
Fruit/Seed Conspicuous |
No |
|
Growth Form |
Single Crown |
|
Growth Rate |
Rapid |
|
Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet) |
35 |
|
Height, Mature (feet) |
70 |
|
Known Allelopath |
No |
|
Leaf Retention |
No |
|
Lifespan |
Short |
|
Low Growing Grass |
No |
|
Nitrogen Fixation |
|
|
Resprout Ability |
Yes |
|
Shape and Orientation |
Erect |
|
Toxicity |
None |
|
|
|
|
Growth Requirements |
|
|
Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils |
Yes |
|
Adapted to Fine Textured Soils |
Yes |
|
Adapted to Medium Textured Soils |
Yes |
|
Anaerobic Tolerance |
Low |
|
CaCO3 Tolerance |
High |
|
Cold Stratification Required |
Yes |
|
Drought Tolerance |
Medium |
|
Fertility Requirement |
Medium |
|
Fire Tolerance |
Medium |
|
Frost Free Days, Minimum |
120 |
|
Hedge Tolerance |
Medium |
|
Moisture Use |
Medium |
|
pH, Minimum |
5 |
|
pH, Maximum |
8 |
|
Planting Density per Acre, Minimum |
300 |
|
Planting Density per Acre, Maximum |
800 |
|
Precipitation, Minimum |
9 |
|
Precipitation, Maximum |
71 |
|
Root Depth, Minimum (inches) |
40 |
|
Salinity Tolerance |
None |
|
Shade Tolerance |
Tolerant |
|
Temperature, Minimum (°F) |
-43 |
|
|
|
|
Reproduction |
|
|
Bloom Period |
Late Spring |
|
Commercial Availability |
Routinely Available |
|
Fruit/Seed Abundance |
High |
|
Fruit/Seed Period Begin |
Spring |
|
Fruit/Seed Period End |
Summer |
|
Fruit/Seed Persistence |
No |
|
Propagated by Bare Root |
Yes |
|
Propagated by Bulb |
No |
|
Propagated by Container |
Yes |
|
Propagated by Corm |
No |
|
Propagated by Cuttings |
No |
|
Propagated by Seed |
Yes |
|
Propagated by Sod |
No |
|
Propagated by Sprigs |
No |
|
Propagated by Tubers |
No |
|
Seed per Pound |
14320 |
|
Seed Spread Rate |
Moderate |
|
Seedling Vigor |
Medium |
|
Small Grain |
No |
|
Vegetative Spread Rate |
None |
|
|
|
|
Suitability/Use |
|
|
Berry/Nut/Seed Product |
No |
|
Christmas Tree Product |
No |
|
Fodder Product |
No |
|
Fuelwood Product |
High |
|
Lumber Product |
Yes |
|
Naval Store Product |
Yes |
|
Nursery Stock Product |
Yes |
|
Palatable Browse Animal |
Medium |
|
Palatable Graze Animal |
Low |
|
Palatable Human |
No |
|
Post Product |
No |
|
Protein Potential |
Low |
|
Pulpwood Product |
No |
|
Veneer Product |
No |
|
|
|
|
Summary |
|
|
Duration |
Perennial |
|
Growth Habit |
Tree |
|
U.S. Nativity |
Native to U.S. |
|
Federal T/E Status |
|
|
National Wetland Indicator |
FAC, FACW |
|
|
|
|
Morphology/Physiology |
|
|
Active Growth Period |
Spring and Summer |
|
After Harvest Regrowth Rate |
|
|
Bloat |
None |
|
C:N Ratio |
High |
|
Coppice Potential |
Yes |
|
Fall Conspicuous |
Yes |
|
Fire Resistant |
No |
|
Flower Color |
Green |
|
Flower Conspicuous |
Yes |
|
Foliage Color |
Yellow-Green |
|
Foliage Porosity Summer |
Dense |
|
Foliage Porosity Winter |
Moderate |
|
Foliage Texture |
Coarse |
|
Fruit/Seed Color |
Brown |
|
Fruit/Seed Conspicuous |
No |
|
Growth Form |
Single Crown |
|
Growth Rate |
Rapid |
|
Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet) |
35 |
|
Height, Mature (feet) |
70 |
|
Known Allelopath |
No |
|
Leaf Retention |
No |
|
Lifespan |
Short |
|
Low Growing Grass |
No |
|
Nitrogen Fixation |
|
|
Resprout Ability |
Yes |
|
Shape and Orientation |
Irregular |
|
Toxicity |
None |
|
|
|
|
Growth Requirements |
|
|
Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils |
Yes |
|
Adapted to Fine Textured Soils |
Yes |
|
Adapted to Medium Textured Soils |
Yes |
|
Anaerobic Tolerance |
Low |
|
CaCO3 Tolerance |
High |
|
Cold Stratification Required |
Yes |
|
Drought Tolerance |
Medium |
|
Fertility Requirement |
High |
|
Fire Tolerance |
Medium |
|
Frost Free Days, Minimum |
120 |
|
Hedge Tolerance |
Medium |
|
Moisture Use |
Medium |
|
pH, Minimum |
4.5 |
|
pH, Maximum |
8 |
|
Planting Density per Acre, Minimum |
300 |
|
Planting Density per Acre, Maximum |
800 |
|
Precipitation, Minimum |
9 |
|
Precipitation, Maximum |
39 |
|
Root Depth, Minimum (inches) |
40 |
|
Salinity Tolerance |
None |
|
Shade Tolerance |
Tolerant |
|
Temperature, Minimum (°F) |
-43 |
|
|
|
|
Reproduction |
|
|
Bloom Period |
Late Spring |
|
Commercial Availability |
Routinely Available |
|
Fruit/Seed Abundance |
High |
|
Fruit/Seed Period Begin |
Spring |
|
Fruit/Seed Period End |
Summer |
|
Fruit/Seed Persistence |
No |
|
Propagated by Bare Root |
Yes |
|
Propagated by Bulb |
No |
|
Propagated by Container |
Yes |
|
Propagated by Corm |
No |
|
Propagated by Cuttings |
No |
|
Propagated by Seed |
Yes |
|
Propagated by Sod |
No |
|
Propagated by Sprigs |
No |
|
Propagated by Tubers |
No |
|
Seed per Pound |
17260 |
|
Seed Spread Rate |
Moderate |
|
Seedling Vigor |
Medium |
|
Small Grain |
No |
|
Vegetative Spread Rate |
None |
|
|
|
|
Suitability/Use |
|
|
Berry/Nut/Seed Product |
No |
|
Christmas Tree Product |
No |
|
Fodder Product |
No |
|
Fuelwood Product |
High |
|
Lumber Product |
Yes |
|
Naval Store Product |
Yes |
|
Nursery Stock Product |
Yes |
|
Palatable Browse Animal |
Medium |
|
Palatable Graze Animal |
Low |
|
Palatable Human |
No |
|
Post Product |
No |
|
Protein Potential |
Low |
|
Pulpwood Product |
No |
|
Veneer Product |
No |
|
Kingdom Plantae -- Plants |
|
Subkingdom Tracheobionta -- Vascular plants |
|
Superdivision Spermatophyta -- Seed plants |
|
Division Magnoliophyta -- Flowering plants |
|
Class Magnoliopsida -- Dicotyledons |
|
Subclass Asteridae |
|
Order Scrophulariales |
|
Family Oleaceae -- Olive family |
|
Genus Fraxinus L. -- ash P |
|
Species Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. -- green ash P |
Uses
Windbreak: Plant green ash in the central rows of multi-row windbreaks. It can also be used for single-row windbreaks, although loss of lower branches with age reduces effectiveness.
Wildlife: Green ash is of moderate importance to wildlife. The winged seeds (samaras) are eaten by a number of birds and mammals including wild turkey and rodents. Whitetail and mule deer browse the twigs and foliage.
Recreation and Beautification: Green ash is extensively planted as a shade and ornamental tree. New clones have increased its importance in the landscaping industry.
Status
Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e.g. threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values).
Description
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh., green ash, is a deciduous, medium-sized tree with an open, irregular crown reaching about 50 feet in height. Native to eastern North America and is fairly common west to Wyoming and Colorado along plains watercourses at elevations below 6,000 feet. The tree is fast growing on moist bottomlands, and is extremely hardy to climatic extremes once established.
Fruits are straw-colored, one-seeded, winged (samaras), 1 to 2 1/2 inches long, borne in dense branching clusters; flowers are inconspicuous, without petals, borne in dense clusters (panicles) near the ends of the twigs, male and female flowers on separate trees; leaves are opposite, pinnately compound, 4 to 6 inches long, 7 to 9 leaflets, narrowly elliptical, long-pointed, entire, bright green above, paler below; stem straight, bark thin with network of interlacing ridges, brown to dark gray, twigs smooth; roots are shallow, wide-spreading.
Adaptation and Distributoin
Green ash is widely adapted to soils, moisture conditions and pH found east of the Rocky Mountains. The species will tolerate seasonal flooding, but is intolerant of shading from surrounding trees. Green ash is a fairly early successional tree on most sites.
Green ash is distributed throughout the east and midwest of the United States. For a current distribution map, please consult the Plant Profile page for this species on the PLANTS Website.
Establishment
Green ash is comparatively easy to establish, and has been widely used for windbreaks in the plains and prairie states and provinces. The seedling will withstand weedy conditions, but at reduced growth rates.
Management
Green ash is not as rapid growing as red maple or elm, so it tends to be crowded out over time by its faster growing cohorts. Management to retain green ash includes control of competition.
Deer will browse green ash seedlings so protective netting may be required where pressure is heavy.
Pests and Potential Problems
Green ash borer and carpenter worm can be a serious problem in this tree species. Rust and ashflower gall might cause concern in some years. Ash yellow is a disease that has been associated with sever growth reductions and/or dieback in areas of the eastern Great Plains.
Cultivars, Improved, and Selected Materials (and area of origin)
Green ash is a variable species and commonly accepted botanical varieties intergrade to some extent, especially Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. subintegerrima and Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. lanceolata. ‘Cardan’ (MT) is recommended for planting in the Northern Great Plains states. Green ash seedlings are available at most commercial hardwood nurseries.
Prepared By & Species Coordinator:
John Dickerson (Retired), USDA NRCS New York State Office, Syracuse, New York
Edited: 05Feb2002 JLK; 060801 jsp
https://plants.usda.govhttps://Plant-Materials.nrcs.usda.gov
Attribution: U.S. Department of Agriculture
Back to NurseryTree.com Home Page
OTHER RESOURCES
Lists of Nurseries Around the Country
Washington State Business, Government, etc. Listings
User Agreement Add Your Business About Us Site Map
(c) 2007 NurseryTrees.com, LLC
